proofreading.
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@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ vim,https://www.vim.org/,1991,c
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midnight commander,,1994,c
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ssh,,1995,c
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curl,https://github.com/curl/curl,1996,c
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fish,https://fishshell.com/,2005,c/rust
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fish,https://fishshell.com/,2005,c (currently being rewritten in rust)
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fossil,https://fossil-scm.org/home/doc/trunk/www/index.wiki,2006,c
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tmux,https://github.com/tmux/tmux,2007,c
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git,https://git-scm.com/,2008,c
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@ -78,34 +78,36 @@ xsel -bi
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ls specifically can trace its history to 1961
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-->
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Take a look at this [table](#appendix-the-tools) at the bottom of the page. Ill
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wait. Notice the relative scarcity between ~1995 and ~2015? Id like to talk
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about a trend Ive seen these past few years, where people are rewriting and
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rethinking staples of the CLI, why I think this trend is a good thing, and why I
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think this trend might be happening.
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Take a look at this [table](#appendix-the-tools) at the bottom of the page.
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Ill wait.
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Notice the relative scarcity between ~1995 and ~2015?
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Id like to talk about a trend Ive seen these past few years,
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where people are rewriting and rethinking staples of the command line interface,
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why I think this trend might be happening,
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and why I think this trend is a good thing.
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## History
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The terminal has been a staple of computer user interfaces since before computer monitors were available,
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The terminal and the command line interface have been staples of computer user interfaces before computer monitors were even available,
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with some of the first computers offering an interactive mode in the late 1950's.
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The 'modern' Linux terminal traces its linage to the very first version of Unix, in 1971.
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The recognizable Linux terminal traces its linage to the very first version of Unix in 1971.
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Many utilities that a Linux user interacts with every day,
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commands like `rm`, `cat`, `cd`, `cp`, `man` and a host of other core commands trace their initial versions to this first version of Unix.
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Other tools are a bit newer, such as `sed` (1974), `diff` (1974) `bc` (1975), `make` (1976) or `vi` (1976).
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There were a few more tools introduced in the 90's, such as `vim` (1991) and `ssh`, (1995), but you get the picture.
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commands like `rm`, `cat`, `cd`, `cp`, `man`, and a host of other core commands trace their initial versions to this first version of Unix.
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Other tools are a bit newer, such as `sed` (1974), `diff` (1974) `bc` (1975), `make` (1976), or `vi` (1976).
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There were a few more tools introduced in the 90's, such as `vim` (1991) and `ssh` (1995), but you get the picture.
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The majority of the foundational CLI tools on a Linux pc, even one installed yesterday, are older than Linux itself is.
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## Ok, so?
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Now, theres nothing wrong with this, the tools work fine still, but,
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in the half-century since they were first written,
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Terminals and the broader Linux ecosystem have all changed.
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Now, theres nothing wrong with this.
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The tools still work fine, but in the half-century since they were first written,
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terminals and the broader Linux ecosystem have all changed.
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Terminals now have capacity to display more colours, Unicode symbols, and even inline images.
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Terminal programs now coexist with graphical user interfaces,
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and only a small subset of computer users even know they exist,
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wheras in the past, terminals were the only way one interacted with the computer.
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whereas in the past, terminals were the only way one interacted with the computer.
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Additionally, and perhaps more importantly, our knowledge has expanded,
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Perhaps more importantly, our knowledge has expanded:
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our knowledge of user interfaces,
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of what works and what doesnt,
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of what usecases are common and what usecases are niche,
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@ -113,18 +115,25 @@ the way that error messages can teach,
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the value of a good out of the box experience,
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and the value of documentation that is easy to find and digest.
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## Exploration of the solution space
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These changes to the environment surrounding CLI apps has in recent years,
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These changes to the environment surrounding CLI apps in recent years have
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led to a resurgence in development of command line utilities.
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Instead of just developing completely new tools,
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Instead of just developing completely new tools or cloning old tools,
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Ive noticed that people are rethinking and reinventing tools that have existed since the early days of Unix.
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<!--TODO: add more here-->
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This isnt just some compulsive need to rewrite every tool out there in your favorite language.
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People are looking at the problem these tools set out to solve,
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and coming up with their own solutions to them,
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exploring the space of possible solutions and taking new approaches.
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Its this exploration of the solution space that id like to take a look at:
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the ways that tools are changing,
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why people are changing them,
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and what kicked off this phenomenon.
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## The lessons learned from the past
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A large amount of the innovation in the area, I think, can be attributed to lessons that have been learned in 50 years of using software;
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A large amount of the innovation in the area, I think,
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can be attributed to lessons that have been learned in 50 years of using software:
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sharp edges we have repeatedly cut ourselves on,
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unintuitive interfaces that repeatedly trip us up,
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and growing frustration at the limitations that maintaining decades of backwards compatibility imposes on our tools.
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@ -145,12 +154,12 @@ One of the earliest examples of this principle may be the fish shell.
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Both zsh and fish have powerful prompt and autocompletion engines,
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but zsh requires you to setup a custom prompt and enable completions in order to use the features that set it apart from the competition.
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With no config file, zsh is no better than bash.
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When starting fish for the first time however,
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When starting fish for the first time, however,
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its powerful autocompletion and information rich prompt are front and center with no configuration required.
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Of course, fish still has the same level of configurability as zsh, it just also has sensible defaults.
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To demonstrate my point, this is the default prompt for zsh with no configuration.
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It *only* shows the hostname, none of the advanced featurs you can get out of a zsh prompt even without plugins.
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It *only* shows the hostname, none of the advanced features you can get out of a zsh prompt even without plugins.
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![zsh prompt, only shows hostname](zsh_prompt.png)
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Here is bash's prompt.
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It actually gives more info than zsh's, even though zsh can do more when properly configured.
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@ -172,29 +181,33 @@ support much for configuration. What you see out of the box is more or less
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whats there.
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Vim (top right) greatly improved on Vi, adding things such as syntax highlighting, line numbers, spellchecking, split windows, folding, and even basic autocompletion.
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However, everything but syntax highligting is either extremely clunky or outright disabled without configuration.
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However, everything but syntax highlighting is either extremely clunky or outright disabled without configuration.
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(for example, the earliest things I did when I first made a `.vimrc` was to enable indent folding,
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make some better keybinds for navigating windows, and adding a line number ruler to the side)
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Neovim (bottom left) further improved on Vim, adding support for Treesitter and the Language Server Protocoll, but the out of the box experience is the *exact* same as vim!
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Neovim (bottom left) further improved on Vim, adding support for Treesitter and the Language Server Protocol,
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but the out of the box experience is the *exact* same as vim!
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In order to take advantage of the LSP and Treesitter support, you have to install plugins,
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which means learning a Nvim package manager, learning how to configure LSPs, and configuring a new LSP for every language you want to use it with.
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(Or finding out about Mason and being OK with having multiple levels of package management in your Nvim install alone).
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Dont get me wrong, Neovim is a great editor once you get over the hump, I still use it as my daily driver, but so much of its functionality is simply hidden.
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which means learning a Nvim package manager, learning how to configure LSPs,
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and configuring a new LSP for every language you want to use it with
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(or finding out about Mason and being OK with having multiple levels of package management in your Nvim install alone).
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Dont get me wrong: Neovim is a great editor once you get over the hump.
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I still use it as my daily driver, but so much of its functionality is simply hidden.
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Then we have the Helix (bottom right) editor. Colour scheme aside, everything is just there.
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Then we have the Helix (bottom right) editor.
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Slightly glaring default colour scheme aside, everything is just *there*.
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Helix doesnt have plugin support [yet](https://github.com/helix-editor/helix/discussions/3806),
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but it has so much stuff in core that,
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looking through my neovim plugins,
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pretty much all of them are in the core editor!
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(ironically, the one feature that I feel helix is missing, [folding](https://github.com/helix-editor/helix/issues/1840),
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is a core part of neovim, albiet one that requires some configuration to get good use out of).
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(Ironically, the one feature that I feel helix is missing, [folding](https://github.com/helix-editor/helix/issues/1840),
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is a core part of neovim, albeit one that requires some configuration to get good use out of).
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Helix does have a config file where you can change a huge amount of settings,
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but its an extremely usable IDE out of the box, thanks to having all of its features enabled by default.
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but its an extremely usable IDE out of the box thanks to having all of its features enabled by default.
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### Friendly error messages
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<!-- look at nushells error messages-->
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<!-- look at nushells error messages -->
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[before](../nushell)
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@ -250,7 +263,7 @@ available, wikipedia otherwise, and sorting is by year first, then alphabetical.
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|midnight commander|1994|c|
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|ssh|1995|c|
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|[curl](https://github.com/curl/curl)|1996|c|
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|[fish](https://fishshell.com/)|2005|c/rust|
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|[fish](https://fishshell.com/)|2005|c (currently being rewritten in rust)|
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|[fossil](https://fossil-scm.org/home/doc/trunk/www/index.wiki)|2006|c|
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|[tmux](https://github.com/tmux/tmux)|2007|c|
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|[git](https://git-scm.com/)|2008|c|
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image = "keyboard_with_case"
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+++
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Ive been using a split keyboard at home now for several years,
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Ive been using a split keyboard at home now for several years
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(specifically, the [UHKv2](https://ultimatehackingkeyboard.com/), though nowadays I probably would have gone for something ortholinear)
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and ive always wanted one for the office.
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The problem was, if I was going to get a new keyboard,
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I wanted it to be for both the office and travel,
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and most prebuilts around are not that portable.
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I also was not confident enough in my soldering skills to solder the SMT diodes found on many handbuilt designs out there.
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Eventually, though, I stumbled upon the github page for the [Ferris Sweep](https://github.com/davidphilipbarr/Sweep).
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Eventually though, I stumbled upon the github page for the [Ferris Sweep](https://github.com/davidphilipbarr/Sweep).
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## The Basic Build
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The Sweep seemed simple enough that I could assemble it,
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and after doing some shopping around, I was able to source all the parts I needed for under $100.
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and after doing some shopping around,
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I was able to source all the parts I needed for under $100.
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I ordered the pcb from JLPCB and the parts from [Keebio](https://keeb.io/) and [Lowprob.ca](https://lowprokb.ca/),
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and started the long wait for it all to arrive.
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In the meantime, I researched what how to flash the [elite-pi](https://docs.keeb.io/elite-pi-guide)'s I had purchased with QMK.
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(normal elite-c's were out of stock, and I like the RP2040.)
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its a little bit different, but as long as you have used QMK before, it wasnt much extra to that.
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In the meantime, I researched how to flash the [elite-pi](https://docs.keeb.io/elite-pi-guide)'s I had purchased with QMK.
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(Normal elite-c's were out of stock, and I like the RP2040.)
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Its a little bit different, but as long as you have used QMK before, it isnt much extra.
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When the parts came, I socketed the microcontrollers, soldered the sockets to the pcbs,
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and finally soldered the switches in. (I used choc purpz, a bit of a leap of faith from my usual heavy tactile switches).
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When the parts came,
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I socketed the microcontrollers,
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soldered the sockets to the pcbs,
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and finally soldered the switches in.
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(I used choc purpz, a bit of a leap of faith from my usual heavy tactile switches).
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I did ruin one switch by letting a leg getting hot enough to melt the housing plastic,
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and desoldering it was unexpectedly difficult, but not every build can be mistake free, right?
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and desoldering it was unexpectedly difficult,
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but not every build can be mistake free, right?
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![The finished keyboard](finished_keyboard.jpg)
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Flashing QMK was uneventful, working exactly as the [QMK docs](https://github.com/qmk/qmk_firmware/tree/master/keyboards/ferris/sweep) for the Ferris Sweep suggested.
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I would, however, recommend flashing the micros _before_ doing any soldering,
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I would, however, recommend flashing the micros *before* doing any soldering,
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I had to take my micros out of their sockets in order to access the boot buttons.
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(once the keyboard is assembled, there is a dedicated keycombo on most layouts to enter the bootloader,
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so you dont have to do this every time you reflash your keyboard)
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I also put the meta key as a hold-mod on the lower pinky keys, as my window manager uses it for all its keybinds.
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The mod-tap home row layer changes actually feel really natural,
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and the extra space afforded by layers allows me to organize things in a more natural feeing way,
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and the extra space afforded by layers allows me to organize things in a more natural feeling way,
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such as putting the numbers in a numpad layout, rather than along the top.
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Im not quite happy with my modifiers being mod-taps on the bottom row,
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they can feel slightly awkward to reach,
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@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ date = 2024-03-01T11:34:04-06:00
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+++
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Ive been experimenting with the tools I use on a regular basis lately -- switching
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up my shell, terminal multiplexer, and even trying out other editors. Today,
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Id like to focus on my experiments with my shell.
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up my shell, terminal multiplexer, and even trying out other editors.
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Today, Id like to focus on my experiments with my shell.
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## My old setup
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